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Which of the following are fused in somatic hybridization involving two varieties of plants?
Somatic hybridization is the fusion of isolated naked protoplasts (cells devoid of cell walls) from two different plant varieties using fusogens like PEG!
Scientists have isolated single cells from plants and after digesting their cell walls have been able to isolate naked protoplasts (surrounded only by plasma membranes).
Isolated protoplasts from two different varieties of plants—each having a desirable character—can be fused to get hybrid protoplasts, which can be further grown to form a new plant. These hybrids are called somatic hybrids and the process is called somatic hybridization.
A classic example cited in NCERT is the fusion of a tomato protoplast with a potato protoplast to create a pomato.
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Naked protoplasts isolated by enzymatic wall digestion are fused in somatic hybridization.
Pollens are male gametophytes involved in sexual reproduction, not somatic cell hybridization.
Callus is an unorganized mass of proliferating cells, not the individual fused units.
Somatic embryos develop from cells via somatic embryogenesis; they are not fused together.
Thinking intact plant cells can be fused directly.
"Isolated protoplasts from two different varieties of plants - each having a desirable character - can be fused to get hybrid protoplasts, which can be further grown to form a new plant. These hybrids are called somatic hybrids and the process is called somatic hybridization."
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