Q.131 Botany ⭐ 360° Option Elimination Active

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NEET 2021 Botany Question 131 Solution

Topic: Molecular Basis of Inheritance · Official NTA Booklet Code M1

Question

Complete the flow chart on central dogma.

(1)(a)-Replication; (b)-Transcription; (c)-Transduction; (d)-Protein
(2)(a)-Translation; (b)-Replication; (c)-Transcription; (d)-Transduction
(3)(a)-Replication; (b)-Transcription; (c)-Translation; (d)-Protein
(4)(a)-Transduction; (b)-Translation; (c)-Replication; (d)-Protein

✓

Verified Against NTA Final Answer Key

Option (3) : (a)-Replication; (b)-Transcription; (c)-Translation; (d)-Protein

📚 Molecular Basis of Inheritance Easy

📋 Given Parameters & Problem Setup

Flow Chart (a) circular arrow on DNA -> DNA --(b)--> mRNA --(c)--> (d)

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The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ Central Dogma: DNA $\xrightarrow{\text{Transcription}}$ mRNA $\xrightarrow{\text{Translation}}$ Protein

⏱️ Save ~15 seconds

Francis Crick proposed the Central Dogma: DNA copies itself via Replication (a), expresses into mRNA via Transcription (b), which directs synthesis of Protein (d) via Translation (c)! Matches Option (3)!

1 Circular arrow on DNA represents DNA self-copying

\implies

(a) Replication.

2 DNA directing synthesis of mRNA

\implies

(b) Transcription.

3 mRNA directing peptide sequence synthesis

\implies

4 Terminal macromolecular product

\implies

(d) Protein.

5 Match Option (3).

🛡️

Why You Can 100% Trust This Shortcut: Canonical NCERT Molecular Basis of Inheritance on Central Dogma.

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Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Step 1

Francis Crick's Central Dogma Scheme

Francis Crick formulated the fundamental paradigm of information transfer in molecular biology:

\mathbf{\text{DNA}} \xrightarrow[(a)]{\text{Replication}} \mathbf{\text{DNA}} \xrightarrow[(b)]{\text{Transcription}} \mathbf{\text{mRNA}} \xrightarrow[(c)]{\text{Translation}} \mathbf{\text{Protein } (d)}

Step 2

Label Correspondence

- (a): DNA replication (autocatalytic function). - (b): Transcription (synthesis of RNA from DNA template). - (c): Translation (synthesis of polypeptide chain specified by mRNA codons). - (d): Protein (the structural or catalytic end-product).

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360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

Diagnose every choice: Know exactly why the right option works and why distractors fail.

4-Option Deep Scan

1 1

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Transduction is viral gene transfer in bacteria, not translation of mRNA into protein.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Confusing translation with transduction.

2 2

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Gross transposition of all three central dogma processes.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Scrambling the order of genetic information flow.

3 3

✓ 100% Correct

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Direct, exact mapping of Francis Crick’s classic Central Dogma diagram.

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Why this is airtight: None. Textbook diagram match.

4 4

✗ Incorrect

Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Incorrectly assigns transduction to DNA self-copying.

⚠️

Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Confusing DNA replication with bacterial transduction.

⚠️

NTA Trap Alert: Transduction vs Translation Distractor

NTA intentionally inserts "Transduction" into Option (1) and (4) to trap students scanning hastily for "Replication... Transcription... Trans...".

🛡️ How to avoid the -1 mark: Read the full word: mRNA to protein is TRANSLATION, not transduction.

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Core NEET Syllabus Standard

NEET / NCERT Biology · Molecular Basis of Inheritance Standard Benchmark

Core Scientific Principle Tested:

"Francis Crick proposed the Central dogma in molecular biology, which states that genetic information flows from DNA -> RNA -> Protein."

Syllabus Focus: The Search for Genetic Material: Central Dogma

✓ Core NEET UG Syllabus Anchor Syllabus & Academic Standards ↗

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NEET 2021 Botany Question 131 Solution

Question

The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ Central Dogma: DNA →Transcription\xrightarrow{\text{Transcription}}Transcription​ mRNA →Translation\xrightarrow{\text{Translation}}Translation​ Protein

Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Francis Crick's Central Dogma Scheme

Label Correspondence

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

NTA Trap Alert: Transduction vs Translation Distractor

Core NEET Syllabus Standard

Ready to attempt under real exam pressure?

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The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ Central Dogma: DNA $\xrightarrow{\text{Transcription}}$ mRNA $\xrightarrow{\text{Translation}}$ Protein