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When the centromere is situated in the middle of two equal arms of chromosomes, the chromosome is referred as:
A chromosome having its centromere located exactly at the center between two equal-length arms is a metacentric chromosome (forming a V shape at anaphase). Sub-metacentric = unequal arms (L); Acrocentric = near end (J); Telocentric = terminal (I). Match Option (1)!
Based on the relative position of the primary constriction (centromere), eukaryotic chromosomes are classified into four distinct types:
During anaphase separation, centromeric spindle attachment creates distinctive shapes: - Metacentric: V-shaped. - Sub-metacentric: L-shaped. - Acrocentric: J-shaped. - Telocentric: I-shaped. Since the question specifies two equal arms with a central centromere, it corresponds unequivocally to metacentric.
Diagnose every choice: Know exactly why the right option works and why distractors fail.
Metacentric chromosome has the centromere precisely in the middle forming two equal arms.
Telocentric chromosome has a terminal centromere situated at the very end of the chromosome arm.
Sub-metacentric chromosome has the centromere located slightly away from the center, producing unequal arms.
Acrocentric chromosome has the centromere close to one end, giving one extremely short and one very long arm.
NTA specifies "two equal arms". Any displacement from the middle makes the arms unequal (short arm p and long arm q), converting it to sub-metacentric.
"A metacentric chromosome has a middle centromere forming two equal arms of the chromosome."
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