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Name the plant growth regulator which upon spraying on sugarcane crop, increases the length of stem, thus increasing the yield of sugarcane crop.
Sugarcane stores carbohydrates (sucrose) in its stems. Spraying sugarcane crop with Gibberellins increases the length of the stem/internodes, thereby increasing the yield by as much as 20 tonnes per acre! Mark Gibberellin (Option 2) in 5 seconds.
Sugarcane stores sugar as sucrose in the parenchymatous cells of its stem. Consequently, a taller stem with longer internodes directly translates to greater sucrose yield.
Gibberellins (GA3) promote rapid cell elongation and cell division, causing elongation of intact stems and internodes.
NCERT explicitly states: "Sugarcane stores carbohydrate as sugar in their stems. Spraying sugarcane crop with gibberellins increases the length of the stem, thus increasing the yield by as much as 20 tonnes per acre."
Cytokinins promote cell division and delay senescence; Ethylene promotes fruit ripening and causes horizontal growth of seedlings; Abscisic acid is a stress hormone inhibiting growth.
Diagnose every choice: Know exactly why the right option works and why distractors fail.
Incorrect; cytokinins delay leaf senescence and overcome apical dominance, but are not used to elongate sugarcane stems.
Factually exact; gibberellin spray induces internode elongation in sugarcane, boosting yield by 20 tonnes/acre.
Incorrect; ethylene is a gaseous ripening hormone that inhibits stem elongation and promotes horizontal swelling.
Incorrect; abscisic acid is a growth inhibitor that promotes dormancy and stomatal closure.
Auxin promotes apical dominance and root initiation. Gibberellin promotes INTERNODE ELONGATION in genetically dwarf plants, rosette plants (bolting), and sugarcane stems.
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