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Q.137 Botany ⭐ 360° Option Elimination Active
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NEET 2024 Botany Question 137 Solution

Topic: Cell: The Unit of Life · Official NTA Booklet Code T1
NEET 2024 Botany Question 137: Plastid Semiautonomy: Conformation of Chloroplast DNA

Question

The DNA present in chloroplast is:

  1. (1)Linear, single stranded
  2. (2)Circular, single stranded
  3. (3)Linear, double stranded
  4. (4)Circular, double stranded
✓
Verified Against NTA Final Answer Key
Option (4) : Circular, double stranded
📚 Cell: The Unit of Life Easy
📋 Given Parameters & Problem Setup
Organelle Chloroplast
Biomolecule Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA / plastome)
⚡

The 30-Second Exam Hall Shortcut: ⚡ Organellar DNA Rule (Prokaryotic Signature)

⏱️ Save ~15 seconds

Both Chloroplast and Mitochondria DNA are CIRCULAR and DOUBLE-STRANDED (dsDNA), reflecting their endosymbiotic prokaryotic origin!

1 Recall organellar DNA characteristics in NCERT:
2 - Chloroplast stroma contains small, double-stranded circular DNA molecules.
3 - Mitochondria also contain a single circular double-stranded DNA molecule.
4 - Conformation: Circular, double stranded.
5 Select Option (4) / D.
🛡️
Why You Can 100% Trust This Shortcut: NCERT Biology · Cell: The Unit of Life (Plastids and Chloroplast DNA)
📐

Step-by-Step Rigorous Workflow & Mathematical Proof

Step 1

Review Chloroplast Ultrastructure and Contents

The stroma of the chloroplast contains enzymes required for the synthesis of carbohydrates and proteins. It also contains small, double-stranded circular DNA molecules and ribosomes.

Step 2

Endosymbiotic Evolutionary Context

Plastids and mitochondria evolved from endosymbiotic prokaryotes. As in bacteria, their genetic material consists of closed circular double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), distinct from the linear chromatin of the eukaryotic nucleus.

Step 3

Conclude Molecular Conformation

Chloroplast DNA is circular and double stranded, matching Option (4).

⭐

360° Option Elimination Engine Key Feature

Diagnose every choice: Know exactly why the right option works and why distractors fail.

4-Option Deep Scan
1 (1)
✗ Incorrect
Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Chloroplast DNA is double-stranded and circular, not single-stranded linear.

⚠️
Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Chloroplast DNA is double-stranded and circular, not single-stranded linear.
2 (2)
✗ Incorrect
Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Plastid genomes are double-stranded duplexes.

⚠️
Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Plastid genomes are double-stranded duplexes.
3 (3)
✗ Incorrect
Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Nuclear chromosomes are linear double-stranded DNA; organellar genomes are circular.

⚠️
Student Fallacy (Why candidates pick this trap): Nuclear chromosomes are linear double-stranded DNA; organellar genomes are circular.
4 (4)
✓ 100% Correct
Verdict & Scientific Reason:

Chloroplasts possess small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules in their stroma.

💡
Why this is airtight: None.
⚠️

NTA Trap Alert: Linear Nuclear vs Circular Organellar DNA

Assuming eukaryotic cells have only linear double-stranded DNA throughout.

🛡️ How to avoid the -1 mark: Eukaryotic nuclear DNA is linear dsDNA; mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA is circular dsDNA.
📖

Core NEET Syllabus Standard

Biology Core Botany · Cell: The Unit of Life Standard Benchmark
Core Scientific Principle Tested:

"The stroma of the chloroplast contains enzymes required for the synthesis of carbohydrates and proteins. It also contains small, double-stranded circular DNA molecules and ribosomes."

Syllabus Focus: Plastid Semiautonomy: Conformation of Chloroplast DNA
✓ Core NEET UG Syllabus Anchor Syllabus & Academic Standards ↗

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