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In tissue culture experiments, leaf mesophyll cells are put in a culture medium to form callus. This phenomenon may be called as:
When mature, differentiated cells that have lost the capacity to divide regain mitotic activity under specific cues, the phenomenon is canonically defined as Dedifferentiation!
Plant cell development follows a reversible tripartite trajectory:
Mesophyll cells are fully differentiated vegetative cells specialized for photosynthesis. When excised and placed on nutrient medium supplemented with hormones (auxin and cytokinin), they exit the quiescent phase, resume mitosis, and generate an unorganized callus:
The same dedifferentiation process occurs in plants in vivo during the formation of interfascicular cambium and cork cambium (phellogen) from mature parenchyma and collenchyma cells.
Diagnose every choice: Know exactly why the right option works and why distractors fail.
Senescence is the terminal developmental phase leading to cellular deterioration and death, opposite to mitotic activation.
Differentiation is the maturation of dividing meristematic cells into specialized non-dividing functional cells.
Dedifferentiation precisely describes differentiated parenchyma cells reverting to an actively dividing meristematic state.
Development is the broad umbrella term encompassing all changes an organism undergoes throughout its entire life cycle.
Students often mix up the prefix: "De-" means undoing differentiation (regaining division), while "Re-" means re-specializing from a dedifferentiated state.
"Living differentiated cells that have lost the capacity to divide can regain the capacity of division under certain conditions. This phenomenon is termed dedifferentiation."
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